Olga Uskova graduated from the Faculty of Technical Cybernetics at MISIS in 1986, and in subsequent years she was engaged in scientific activities at the All-Russian Research Institute and the Russian Academy of Sciences.

In 1993, she co-founded the "Cognitive Technologies" on the basis of the Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence of the Institute for Systems Analysis of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

In 2006, Olga Uskova became the initiator of the creation and president of the National Association of Innovations and Development of Information Technologies (NAIRIT). Since 2008, she has participated in the development of artificial intelligence systems for robotics tasks, as well as unmanned systems.

In 2012, she was appointed head of the Department of Advanced Computer Technologies at MISIS, and in 2013-2016 she was a member of the State Duma Commission on the Development of Strategic Information Systems. In 2018, she participated in the Russian Railways project to create a prototype locomotive with autonomous control capability.

In 2019, Olga Uskova headed the Cognitive Pilot company for the development of autonomous ground transport control systems projects. A year later, she became the founder of a robot factory for the development of components for agricultural and railway unmanned transport in Tomsk.